Expanding Health Care Options for First Responders Act

Every individual who meets the requirements described in paragraph (3) shall be eligible to enroll under this section.

An individual enrolled under this section is entitled to the same benefits (and shall receive the same protections) under this title as an individual who is entitled to benefits under part A and enrolled under parts B and D, including the ability to enroll in a Medicare Advantage plan that provides qualified prescription drug coverage (an MA–PD plan).

The requirements described in this paragraph are the following:

(A) The individual is a resident of the United States.

(B) The individual is—

(i) a citizen or national of the United States; or

(ii) an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence.

(C) The individual is not otherwise entitled to benefits under part A or eligible to enroll under part A or part B.

(D) The individual has attained 50 years of age but has not attained 65 years of age.

(E) The individual is a qualified first responder (as defined in paragraph (4)(B)).

In this section:

The term first responder means—

(i) a qualified law enforcement officer (as defined in section 926B(c) of title 18, United States Code);

(ii) an employee described in clause (i) of section 72(t)(10)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or

(iii) a Federal firefighter described in section 8331(21) or 8401(14) of title 5, United States Code.

The term qualified first responder means a first responder who is separated from service due to retirement or disability.

The Secretary shall establish enrollment and coverage periods for individuals who enroll under this section.

Such periods shall be established in coordination with the enrollment and coverage periods for plans offered under an Exchange established under title I of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and plans under parts C and D. If the Secretary determines appropriate, the Secretary may expand such enrollment periods beyond the enrollment periods under such an Exchange or under parts C and D.

The Secretary shall establish such periods so that coverage under this section shall first begin on January 1 of the first year beginning at least one year after the date of the enactment of this section and shall include special enrollment periods, in accordance with section 155.420 of title 45 of the Code of Federal Regulations, that are applicable to qualified health plans offered through an Exchange.

The Secretary shall (beginning for the first year that begins more than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section) determine a monthly premium for all individuals enrolled under this section. Such monthly premium shall be equal to 1⁄12 of the annual premium computed under paragraph (2)(B), which shall apply with respect to coverage provided under this section for any month in the succeeding year.

The Secretary shall estimate the average, annual per capita amount for benefits and administrative expenses that will be payable under parts A, B, and D (including, as applicable, under part C) in the year for all individuals enrolled under this section.

The annual premium under this subsection for months in a year is equal to the average, annual per capita amount estimated under subparagraph (A) for the year.

Nothing in this section shall preclude an individual from choosing a Medicare Advantage plan or a prescription drug plan which requires the individual to pay an additional amount (because of supplemental benefits or because it is a more expensive plan). In such case the individual would be responsible for the increased monthly premium.

Premiums for enrollment under this section shall be paid to the Secretary at such times, and in such manner, as the Secretary determines appropriate.

Amounts collected by the Secretary under this section shall be deposited in the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund (including the Medicare Prescription Drug Account within such Trust Fund) in such proportion as the Secretary determines appropriate.

An individual enrolled under this section shall not be treated as enrolled under any part of this title for purposes of obtaining medical assistance for Medicare cost-sharing or otherwise under title XIX.

For purposes of applying section 5000A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the coverage provided under this section constitutes minimum essential coverage under subsection (f)(1)(A)(i) of such section 5000A.

Coverage provided under this section—

(A) shall be treated as coverage under a qualified health plan in the individual market enrolled in through the Exchange where the individual resides for all purposes of section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 other than subsection (c)(2)(B) thereof; and

(B) shall not be treated as eligibility for other minimum essential coverage for purposes of subsection (c)(2)(B) of such section 36B.

The Secretary shall determine the applicable second lowest cost silver plan which shall apply to coverage under this section for purposes of section 36B of such Code.

For purposes of applying section 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (42 U.S.C. 18071)—

(A) coverage provided under this section shall be treated as coverage under a qualified health plan in the silver level of coverage in the individual market offered through an Exchange; and

(B) the Secretary shall be treated as the issuer of such plan.

States are prohibited from buying their Medicaid beneficiaries ages 50 to 64 into Medicare under this section, and individuals otherwise eligible for enrollment under a State plan under title XIX are prohibited from coverage under this title pursuant to enrollment under this section. The preceding sentence shall not apply to Medicaid beneficiaries whose Medicaid coverage or eligibility does not meet the definition of minimum essential coverage under a government-sponsored program under section 1.5000A–2 of title 26, Code of Federal Regulations (or any successor regulation).

Notwithstanding Treasury Notice 2015–17, no provision of law shall prevent an employer from maintaining an arrangement under which the employer pays or reimburses any portion of the premiums for coverage under this section for retired employees of the employer, or prevent such payment or reimbursement from being excluded from the gross income of the individual enrolled in such coverage for purposes of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

In the case of an individual who enrolls under this section (including an individual who was previously enrolled under this section), paragraphs (2)(A), (2)(D), (3)(B)(ii), and (3)(B)(vi) of section 1882(s)—

(1) shall be applied by substituting 50 for 65;

(2) if the individual was enrolled under this section and subsequently disenrolls, shall apply each time the individual subsequently reenrolls under this section as if the individual had attained 50 years of age on the date of such reenrollment (and as if the individual had never previously enrolled in a Medicare supplemental policy); and

(3) shall be applied as if this section had not been enacted (and as if the individual had never previously enrolled in a Medicare supplemental policy) when the individual attains 65 years of age.

There is established an advisory committee to be known as the Medicare Buy In Oversight Board to monitor and oversee the implementation of this section, including the experience of the individuals enrolling under this section. The Medicare Buy In Oversight Board shall have members that include representatives of insurers, actuaries, consumer advocacy organizations, and individuals representing the first responder community, and shall make periodic recommendations for the continual improvement of the implementation of this section as well as the relationship of enrollment under this section to other health care programs.

During the period that begins on January 1, 2027, and ends on December 31, 2029, the Secretary shall award grants to eligible entities for the following purposes:

To carry out outreach, public education activities, and enrollment activities to raise awareness of the availability of, and encourage, enrollment under this section.

To provide assistance to individuals to enroll under this section.

To distribute fair and impartial information concerning enrollment under this section and the availability of premium assistance tax credits under section 36B of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and cost-sharing reductions under section 1402 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and to assist eligible individuals in applying for such tax credits and cost-sharing reductions.

In this subsection, the term eligible entity means—

(i) a State;

(ii) a nonprofit community-based organization; or

(iii) a nonprofit first responder organization.

Such term includes a licensed independent insurance agent or broker that has an arrangement with a State, nonprofit community-based organization, or nonprofit first responder organization to enroll eligible individuals under this section.

Such term does not include an entity that—

(i) is a health insurance issuer; or

(ii) receives any consideration, either directly or indirectly, from any health insurance issuer in connection with the enrollment of any individuals under this section.

In awarding grants under this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to awarding grants to States or eligible entities in States that have geographic rating areas at risk of having no qualified health plans in the individual market.

For purposes of carrying out this subsection, there is appropriated to the Secretary, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as are necessary for calendar year 2026 and for each subsequent calendar year.

The Secretary shall implement the provisions of this section in such a manner to ensure that such provisions—

(1) have no effect on the benefits under this title for individuals who are entitled to, or enrolled for, such benefits other than through this section; and

(2) have no negative impact on the Federal Hospital Insurance Trust Fund or the Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Fund (including the Medicare Prescription Drug Account within such Trust Fund).

In promulgating regulations to implement this section, the Secretary shall consult with interested parties, including groups representing beneficiaries, health care providers, employers, insurance companies, and organizations representing first responders.